Update from Rod Bain, that is given with the permission of Ken O’Brien

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has become a commonly used term in mental health with a significant amount of research being conducted on its effects. However little is understood about the secondary symptoms of PTSD on  individuals and their families and communities. This article claims that it is these secondary symptoms that are the critical core factors derived from interactions between the primary symptoms and social contexts that generate the problematic we label as PTSD. The family is frequently the environment in which this problematic is both intergenerationally transmitted, and normalised. This paper presents an argument for the inclusion of secondary symptomsin diagnosis, management and treatment of PTSD in family contexts that have intergenerational consequences. It is not intended to provide any answers to this conundrum of quandaries. Rather, this paper intends to ignite conversation and question.